125 Years of the National Philatelic Collection

World War II Internment Camp Stamps and Mail

Japanese Americans line up at the camp post office in Manzanar, California.

In February 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, which made it legal for the military to incarcerate people of Japanese ancestry in the United States indefinitely and without trial. Nearly 120,000 people were forcibly detained. The remoteness of the relocation camps meant that postal services were the only connection to the outside world.

 

The remoteness of the relocation camps meant that postal services were the only connection to the outside world. Above, Japanese Americans line up at the camp post office in Manzanar, California. War Relocation Authority photograph.

Camp Rohwer envelope

Camp Amache envelope

Heart Mountain postcard

During World War II, Polish inmates at four German-run prisoner of war camps produced primitive stamps from printing plates engraved in leather, wood or linoleum. All four of the stamp-issuing POW camps were oflags, which housed officers and generals. Because of their rank, oflag prisoners were allowed much more freedom than the enlisted men confined in stalags.

Polish prisoner of war and concentration camp refugee stamps, 1943-1944

Polish prisoner of war and concentration camp refugee stamps, 1943-1944