

Used Penny Blacks with cancels removed, 1840

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6 Penny Blacks, 5 used with cancels removed, 1840

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Black cancels on black test impressions, May 1840

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Black cancels on deep blue test impressions, May 1840

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Black cancels on orange-red test impressions, May 1840

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Black cancels on reddish-brown test impressions, May 1840

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Black cancels on black test impressions, June 1840

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Black cancels on blue test impressions, June 1840

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Obliterating trials, June 1840, attempts to remove cancels

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Obliterating trials, June 1840, attempts to remove cancels

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Trial cover using punched-hole method, 1840

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Obliterating trials, June 1840, attempts to remove cancels

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Obliterating trials, June 1840, attempts to remove cancels

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Obliterating trials, June 1840, attempts to remove cancels

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Obliterating trials, attempts to remove cancels, various chemicals

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Varnish experiment, September 1840

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Test of Thomas Watson's ink (overly acidic), October 21, 1840

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